Cyclosporiasis outbreak
Pa. among 34 states where illness is appearing
The growing nationwide outbreak of cyclosporiasis, a parasite that causes intestinal illness, has been detected in 34 states, including Pennsylvania.
The Centers for Disease Control is tracking the illness, which can come from eating unwashed produce.
Symptoms include watery diarrhea, “explosive” bowel movements, abdominal cramping, vomiting, nausea, dehydration, and fatigue and can last from a few days to a month.
The CDC confirmed that the cyclosporiasis outbreak has infected more than 1,600 people nationwide, with more than 5,100 suspected cases. Michigan has been especially hard-hit.
That number far exceeds the 249 cases reported nationally by this same time last year, the CDC said.
So far, between 11 and 30 cases have been reported in Pennsylvania, pending confirmation. The CDC says the numbers are likely much higher nationwide because not everyone gets tested, and it can take weeks for the symptoms to show up.
Cyclospora infections are seasonal, with cases rising in spring and summer. The cyclosporiasis season runs from May 1 to Aug. 31.
Dr. Brent Rau, the medical director of the emergency department at AHN Allegheny General Hospital in Pittsburgh, said food-borne illnesses increase during the summer months due to factors including warm, humid temperatures and an increase in outdoor eating activities ranging from family picnics to outdoor community events.
“The key is to maintain hydration,” said Rau, noting that the vast majority of cases “are self-contained” and resolve in days to weeks. For those who are vulnerable – for example, people who are immunocompromised – IV hydration and antibiotics are an option.
The source of the U.S. outbreak remains unknown, although the Michigan Department of Health and Human Resources warned earlier this week that lettuce or salad greens “could be a potential source of this outbreak.”
There are tips for reducing the chance of cyclosporiasis infection. Among them are:
Wash hands: Scrub hands well with soap and warm water for 20 to 30 seconds. Hand sanitizers such as Purell, Rau noted, are not as effective for killing cyclosporiasis because the bug is immune to alcohol.
Clean produce: Rinse fruits and vegetables thoroughly before cooking or eating them.
Avoid pre-mixes: Skip bagged salad mixes. Buy fresh, whole produce instead.
Cook: The parasite is killed if food is heated to an internal temperature of 158 degrees.
“It’s always a good idea to be alert about produce and food and water, especially because it’s that time of year. But carry on with your business and enjoy your life, and recognize it could happen. If it does, maintain hydration, and if you’re concerned, every emergency room in this area is open 24/7 and will be happy to help you,” said Rau.